The role of the erythrocyte in the outcome of pregnancy with preeclampsia.

The objective of this study was to analyze the relationships of osmotic and mechanical stability of erythrocytes with anthropometric, biochemical, hematologic and hemodynamic variables in pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE). The studied population consisted of 20 normotensive patients and 16 patients with PE. Patients with PE presented worse gestational outcome, greater hematologic impairment, erythrocytes osmotically more stable in vitro, but in conditions of isotonicity with the in vivo medium, in addition to hyperflow in orbital territory, when compared to normotensive patients. The correlation analysis between anthropometric, hematologic and hemodynamic variables in patients with PE indicated that erythrocytes with lower volumes and lower levels of hemoglobin favor the occurrence of a better gestational outcome, because they are more stable and because they are associated with a decrease in the hemodynamic changes present in the disease. This should mean that the tendency to microcytosis, probably due to a mechanism of compensatory mechanical selection, is a desirable characteristic in the disease.

Bio-oil production and removal of organic load by microalga Scenedesmus sp. using culture medium contaminated with different sugars, cheese whey and whey permeate.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the bio-oil production and the organic load removal using the microalga Scenedesmus sp. The cultivation was carried out in reactors with a total volume of 3 L and 0.7 vvm aeration, with illumination in photoperiods of 12 h light/12 h dark for 12 days. The following sugar concentrations were tested: 2.5, 5.0 and 10 g/L of glucose, lactose, fructose and galactose with 10% inoculum volume. After experiments were performed with cheese whey in natura and cheese whey permeate with different lactose concentrations (1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 5.0 g/L). In these experiments the inoculum concentrations were 10, 15, 20 and 30% (v/v). The results showed that this microalga was effective for the production of lipids when it was cultivated in medium with cheese whey in natura with 2.5 g/L of lactose and 20% inoculum (v/v). Using cheese whey in natura at the concentration of 3.5 g/L of lactose and 30% (v/v) of inoculum obtained 77.9% of TOC removal and 38.447 mg of TOC removed/mg oil produced. It was also observed that when there is increased production of bio-oil, there is less removal of organic matter. The addition of glucose, fructose or galactose in the medium did not enhance the production of bio-oil by Scenedesmus sp. when compared to lactose, but increased the organic matter removal.

Influence of urea on stability of invertase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Este trabalho objetivou investigar a dependência entre o equilíbrio de desenovelamento da invertase por uréia, segundo um mecanismo de equilíbrio entre dois estados, com algumas propriedades termodinâmicas do solvente. Os valores das propriedades termodinâmicas do solvente foram calculados com aplicação da teoria de McMillian-Mayer. O equilíbrio de desenovelamento da invertase foi acompanhado por titulação espectrofotométrica em 280nm com uma solução de uréia a 8 mol.L-¹. O bom ajuste a um modelo de primeira ordem apresentado pelos dados de equilíbrio da invertase, bem como da RNase A e da RNase T1, é consistente com a idéia de que o alto conteúdo em carboidratos da invertase não afeta o mecanismo geral de desenovelamento. Entretanto, um aumento na concentração de uréia produziu uma diminuição na energia livre de desenovelamento (DeltaG°U ) para a intertase, e um aumento nos valores de DeltaG°U para Rnase A e Rnase T1. A invertase também exigiu maiores valores de atividade de água (Aw) do que a RNAse A e a RNAse T1 para ser desenovelada. O diferente comportamento da invertase em relação a aquelas enzimas pode ser relevante para fornecer informação adicional sobre os mecanismos detalhados do enovelamento e desenovelamento de proteínas.